A： Annealing
After metal materials are formed by cold forging, unnecessary local stress may appear in materials. Anneal is a thermal treatment method, and is mainly for removing inner stress, enhancing toughness, and increasing mechanical property of cold forging products.

Pickling, Phosphate and Lubricant Coating
1. Materials for coil rod (bar):
With mill scale outside where its purpose is to remove and destroy coating factor and corrosive substance, we can incorporate anti-rust action, enhance combination of coating and work piece, also improve corrosion-resistance performance on the coating.

2. Before cold forging work pieces:
Mold wear-resistance processing: Metallic material with smooth surface may be able to decrease friction that molds cause to forgings, avoiding wear and breakage of molds during forging and production.
Lubricant for work piece re-processing: The materials with smooth surface may increase forged size and fined surface after they are cold forged.

Spheroid and Annealing
Spheroidizing annealing is a thermal treatment process for high-carbon steel materials (>0.6%). Low-carbon steels are seldom machined after spheroidizing because it is more flexible and viscous. High-carbon steels can be used for producing cold forging products after spheroidizing. To conduct spheroidizing annealing, metal materials shall be heated so that its temperature is lower than the annealing point, and then the metal materials shall be placed at this temperature for a period of time before cooling. This annealing treatment can make cementite to become small balls (spheroid), which are distributed in layer or mesh structure in steel. In this case, the material is easy for cold forging.